Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies, Eleventh Edition. (2019) Journal of labelled compounds & radiopharmaceuticals. Manganese in PET imaging: Opportunities and challenges. Brandt M, Cardinale J, Rausch I, Mindt TL. IUPAC Periodic Table of the Elements and Isotopes (IPTEI) for the Education Community (IUPAC Technical Report). Mahaffy, Glenda O’Connor, Etienne Roth, Dorothy H. A Manganese-based Alternative to Gadolinium: Contrast-enhanced MR Angiography, Excretion, Pharmacokinetics, and Metabolism. Gale EM, Wey HY, Ramsay I, Yen YF, Sosnovik DE, Caravan P. Pineapple juice as a negative oral contrast agent in magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography: a preliminary evaluation. Riordan RD, Khonsari M, Jeffries J, Maskell GF, Cook PG. (2015) Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.). (2015) Current environmental health reports. Manganese Toxicity Upon Overexposure: a Decade in Review.

Manganese homeostasis in the nervous system. Chen P, Chakraborty S, Mukhopadhyay S, Lee E, Paoliello MM, Bowman AB, Aschner M. (2018) Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity. The Essential Element Manganese, Oxidative Stress, and Metabolic Diseases: Links and Interactions. Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary. Manganese shortens T1 relaxation time, thus manganese-based intravenous contrast agents are being investigated as an alternative to gadolinium-based contrast for MRI 7. Manganese shortens T2 relaxation time, therefore solutions that contain manganese, such as pineapple juice, are used as negative oral contrast agents in MRCP 6. Toxicity, referred to as manganism, most commonly occurs with occupational exposure to manganese dusts or fumes, and is classically a delayed-onset movement disorder with prominent extrapyramidal features. Manganese is incorporated in numerous metalloproteins involved in lipid, amino acid, and carbohydrate metabolism, and its presence is required for the function of several enzymes of biologic importance, including 10:ĭeficiency is rare and sparsely reported, although the associated clinical features have been reported in studies of dietary manganese deprivation and include: After absorption manganese is distributed widely, circulating primarily bound to erythrocytic hemoglobin.Īfter transport-mediated hepatocyte uptake manganese is concentrated in bile and subsequently eliminated in the feces. Enteral manganese is poorly absorbed in the small bowel variance in oral bioavailability may occur with iron deficiency anemia (increased absorption) and high dietary calcium (decreased absorption).

In the normal human diet, manganese is primarily found in grains, legumes, nuts, fruits and vegetables 3. There are a large number (almost 30) of unstable isotopes, with mass numbers ranging from 44 to 73 8. Manganese has the atomic number 25 with an atomic weight of 54.94. Diet, absorption, transport and storage.

Mn element use